SINGLE PHASE

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It wont be wrong to say that there are probably more single-phase induction motors in use today than the total of all the other types put together. The reason that makes single-phase induction motor so widely used is its characteristics of being the least expensive and lowest maintenance type of ac motor. Unlike polyphase induction motors, the stator field in the single- phase motor does not rotate. Instead it simply alternates polarity between poles as the ac voltage changes polarity. Voltage is induced in the as a result of magnetic induction, and a magnetic field is produced around the . This field will always be in opposition to the stator field (Lenz's law applies). The interaction between the and stator fields will not produce rotation, however. Because this force is across the and through the pole pieces, there is no rotary motion, just a push and/or pull along this line. currents in a single-phase induction motor. If the is rotated by some outside force (a twist of your hand, or something), the push-pull along the line is disturbed. At this instant the south pole on the is being attracted by the left-hand pole. The north pole is being attracted to the right-hand pole. All of this is a result of the being rotated 90° by the outside force. The pull that now exists between the two fields becomes a rotary force, turning the toward magnetic correspondence with the stator. Because the two fields continuously alternate, they will never actually line up, and the will continue to turn once started. It remains for us to learn practical methods of getting the to start. There are several types of single-phase induction motors in use today. Basically they are identical except for the means of starting. The split-phase and shaded-pole motors are so named because of the methods employed to get them started. Once they are up to operating speed, all single-phase induction motors operate the same.